Articles publicats (Medicina i Cirurgia)
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- ItemOpen AccessComparative Analysis of Yap1 Localization and Phosphorylation in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers(cc-by-nc-nd (c) AEDV, 2026, 2026-03-18T23:00:00Z) Aguayo Ortiz, Rafael; Garí Marsol, EloiResearch Letter
- ItemOpen AccessBiomarker-guided immunotherapy in gastric cancer: current insights and future perspectives(Elsevier, 2026) Teixidó Mulet, Mar; Veas Rodriguez, Joel; Terán, Eduardo; Piñol, Miquel; Vilardell, Felip; Iglesias, Mar; Hierro, Cinta; Calvo, Mariona; Matias-Guiu, Xavier; Salud Salvia, Maria Antonieta; Tabernero, Josep; Montal Roura, RobertGastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC) is a biologically challenging malignancy associated with suboptimal clinical outcomes due to limited effective treatment options. The recent incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into therapeutic algorithms has improved the clinical prospects of subsets of GC patients. However, responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents remain highly heterogeneous, with only some patients deriving long-term benefits. This variability highlights the importance of identifying optimal biomarkers to enhance patient selection, thereby enabling tailored immunotherapy strategies. Whereas microsatellite instability has demonstrated a potent capacity for predicting immunotherapy benefits in GC, other predictive biomarkers, such as PD-L1 expression, remain suboptimal. Advances in gene expression and epigenetic profiling, liquid biopsy approaches, gut microbiome characterization, and artificial intelligence-driven multimodal algorithms applied to multi-omics or digital pathology are key drivers for the comprehensive characterization of the GC tumour microenvironment (TME), which could be used for better treatment selection. Similarly, elucidating the complex tumour-immune interplay with these technologies will be crucial for the success of novel immunotherapeutic approaches under clinical development, by evaluating alternative immune pathways alone or in combination with current actionable targets of GC. The current review aims to give an overview of the current immunotherapeutic landscape in GC, evaluate standard-of-care and emerging biomarkers of immunotherapy response, and discuss the translational potential of incorporating multi-omic and AI-derived biomarkers into biomarker-enriched clinical decision-making frameworks.
- ItemOpen AccessGenerational priorities, motivations, concerns, and expectations of hospital pharmacists in Spain(Elsevier, 2026) Pérez Menéndez Conde, Covadonga; Martínez Castro, Beatriz; Pérez Abánades, María; Fernández de Gamarra-Martínez, Edurne; Negro-Vega, EvaObjective: To analyze generational differences in priorities, motivations, concerns, and professional expectations among pharmacists working in Hospital Pharmacy Services in Spain, in order to generate actionable evidence to guide strategies for managing intergenerational relationships and work engagement, as well as professional development and team well-being. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study based on an online survey of members of the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacists (SEFH) who were practicing as pharmacists or undergoing specialty training in Hospital Pharmacy Services in Spain. The questionnaire, reviewed by an expert panel, was administered from 16 to 29 January 2024 and comprised 18 items grouped into three sections: demographic data, socio-occupational context, and professional domain. Descriptive and between-generation comparative analyses were conducted using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher's exact test, and χ2 (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 620 professionals participated (16% of SEFH members). Recommendation of the hospital as a workplace was high and similar across generations; however, ratings of the Hospital Pharmacy Service and perceptions of the current status of Hospital Pharmacy differed, with higher scores among older cohorts. Work climate and work-life balance were the most valued job factors, with generational preferences differing for items such as teaching, professional recognition, and autonomy. Stress was the most frequently reported concern across all cohorts, with intergenerational differences in other work-related factors. Generational variation was also observed in key work concerns, professional motivations, perceptions of the current state of Hospital Pharmacy, and strategic priorities. Differences by generation were also observed in professional motivations and expectations, including institutional engagement and perceived future challenges in Hospital Pharmacy. Conclusions: This study shows intergenerational differences in priorities, concerns, motivations, and expectations among hospital pharmacists. Although work climate and work-life balance remain among the most selected priorities and stress is the main concern across all cohorts, generation-specific patterns across the evaluated dimensions suggest the need for
- ItemOpen AccessSchizophrenia in migrants and natives: clinical presentation, treatment patterns, and outcomes in a Spanish acute inpatient unit(Elsevier, 2026) Albert, Carla; Clougher, Derek; Pàmpols-Pérez, Samuel; Jiménez-Mayoral, Andrea; Nicolau-Subires, Eugènia; Ibarra-Pertusa, Lucia; Buil-Reiné, Esther; Adrados-Pérez, Marina; De Prisco, Michele; Bioque, Miquel; Llorca-Bofí, Vicent; Mur, MariaPurpose: To examine differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related variables between migrant and native patients with schizophrenia admitted to an acute psychiatric unit in Spain. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 689 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Acute Psychiatric Unit of Santa María University Hospital (Lleida, Spain) between 2010 and 2020. Patients were classified as natives (n = 475) or migrants (n = 214). Group differences were examined using unadjusted comparisons. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for a priori selected outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, and key social factors. Adherence was defined as pharmacological adherence prior to admission and attendance at a scheduled outpatient psychiatric visit one year after discharge. Results: Migrant patients were younger and experienced greater social disadvantage. In adjusted analyses, migrant status remained independently associated with higher odds of hallucinations at admission (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.12-1.59), lower odds of suicidal ideation (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.94), and a higher likelihood of initiation of long-acting injectable antipsychotics during hospitalization (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09-1.53). Differences in first-episode presentation, other symptom profiles, and one-year follow-up adherence were attenuated after adjustment. Treatment differences at admission largely converged by discharge, and overall functioning at discharge was comparable between groups. Conclusion: Migrant patients with schizophrenia experience social disadvantage and distinct care trajectories. Most differences were largely explained by social and structural factors rather than migrant status itself, although some clinically relevant differences persisted after adjustment, underscoring the importance of addressing social determinants of care.
- ItemOpen AccessMpox in people living with and without HIV, including people on PrEP, during a multistate outbreak in Spain in 2022(Nature Research, 2026) March-Yagüe, Aina; Toledo, Diana; Díaz, Asunción; Godoy i García, Pere; Pérez-Martínez, Olaia; Pericas, Carles; Sanchez-Migallon, Alonso; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Ospina, Jesús; Grau, María; Roig, Francisco; Domínguez, AngelaSpain reported the highest cumulative incidence of mpox in Europe during the 2022 outbreak, which disproportionately affected people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-negative individuals using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study to analyze epidemiological, clinical, and disease progression characteristics of mpox among PLWH, HIV-negative individuals, and PrEP user cases and non-user cases in Spain. Data were collected from June 2022 to January 2023, including 1,158 men aged ≥ 18 years; 35.3% were PLWH and 42.7% of HIV-negative individuals were PrEP users. Adjusted OR and the 95% CI were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. More frequently PLWH than HIV-negative cases were having sex only with men (aOR = 10.92;3.76–31.69), chemsex (aOR = 2.02;1.38–2.97), another type of immunosuppression (aOR = 2.57;1.07–6.21) and non-anogenital and non-oral exanthems (aOR = 1.64;1.23–2.19). More frequent in PLWH compared to PrEP user cases were lower education levels (aOR = 23.21;2.87–187.52), fever (aOR = 1.42;0.98–2.06), non-anogenital and non-oral exanthems (aOR = 2.40;1.67–3.45) and another type of immunosuppression (aOR = 9.32;1.16–75.16) and more frequent in PrEP user cases than in non-PrEP user cases were risk factors related to sexual activity and concurrent sexually transmitted infections. PLWH did not experience more severe mpox than HIV-negative persons. These findings underscore the need for tailored prevention and clinical approaches.