Any: 2019 Núm.: 13
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- ItemOpen AccessAssaults, murders, insults and blasphemies: Rural Violence in the farmlands of Cordoba in the Late Middle Ages(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) López Rider, JavierThis work examines violent actions and crimes committed in the farmlands around Cordoba, in the south of the Crown of Castile, during the Late Middle Ages. The first section deals with the sources used in this study, especially Cordoba’s municipal archive and the records of court cases preserved in the archive of the Chancellery in Granada —a hitherto under-exploited source of information for the kingdom of Cordoba. Subsequently, I shall present some examples of personal confrontations that began with insults and threats and often led to physical assaults and murder. Then, I shall examine verbal insults and blasphemies, which were often the origins of more serious affrays, as well as their portrayal in the written record.
- ItemOpen AccessBetween Mythopoiesis, Stereotypes and unconscious Projections. Some case studies of the Historiography on medieval Sardinia (19th-21st centuries)(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Gallinari, LucianoThis article proposes some reflections on the historiography produced in the last century and a half on medieval Sardinia, used as a case study because in the island the Middle Ages has been showered with nationalistic and identitarian values and references, which have often been used for contemporary political and cultural purposes. A historiography that in some cases shows a sort of automatic and unconscious overlap of various consolidated interpretation schemes to what the sources literally say, as when it continues to propose topics of the alleged isolation and peripherality of the Island that were thought to be outdated.
- ItemOpen AccessCaptives at the Conquest of Mallorca: September 1229-July 1232(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Ferrer Abárzuza, AntoniThe present article re-examines the chronicles on the conquest of Mallorca (1229-1232) in order to evaluate the role played by the taking of prisoners during military operations. The possibility of taking captive the population of the island, who had no means of escape, was an important incentive for the military forces involved in the campaign, as well as for the nobles who arrived on the island after the disbanding of the army that took the madīna. The sources demonstrate that all military operations revolved around the management of captive populations. Pacts which spared the local population, such as that signed with Xuaip, were exceptional and, ultimately, violated. The outcome of this process was the extinction of the local population.
- ItemOpen AccessColored as its Creators intended: Painted maps in the 1513 edition of Ptolemy’s ‘Geography’(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Van Duzer, ChetThe article examines all of the extant hand-colored exemplars of the 1513 edition of Ptolemy’s Geography, whose maps were made by Martin Waldseemüller, in an effort to identify the coloring scheme intended by the creators of the edition. Almost half of the existing exemplars were found to have essentially the same coloring scheme. Further, some remarks made by Waldseemüller about the coloring of maps, as well as some experiments with color printing of maps in the 1513 edition of Ptolemy, allow the identification of this scheme as the workshop scheme. The results shed light not only on Waldseemüller’s workshop practices and early modern handcoloring techniques, but also on the cartographic and aesthetic philosophy behind the coloring of these maps.
- ItemOpen AccessEstate, Border and agricultural Expansion in the South of the Kingdom of Valencia. The Vilanova lineage during the first half of the 14th century(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Cabezuelo Pliego, José VicenteIn this paper we will analyse the history of the lineage Vilanova in the kingdom of Valencia from the end of the 13th century until midway through the 14th century. We will focus on the methods used by the noblemen in the construction of the borders of the kingdom right up to the critical point mid century when the arrival of the Muslim population triggered political change.
- ItemOpen AccessExsilium hominum ignorantia est. Honorius Augustodunensis and Knowledge in the twelfth century(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Toro, José Miguel deDuring the twelfth century, Honorius Augustodunensis wrote a number of encyclopaedic works. In Imago mundi (circa 1110) he presents the system of the cosmos based on the traditional authorities of the early Middle Ages. By contrast, in De animae exsilio et patria (circa 1140), he proposes an updated educational curriculum for his time, influenced greatly by the arrival of the Greco-Arab knowledge in Europe. An analysis of these works reveals the evolution of Honorius’ thinking, with two particular points of interest emerging: 1) that Honorius, rather than reacting to the twelfth century Renaissance, in fact contributed to it through his divulgation works, and 2) that new knowledge was already beginning to spread across the Holy Roman Empire during the first half of the century.
- ItemOpen AccessHagiography and National Consciousness: The case of Sant Beuno of Wales(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Stöber, KarenThis article looks at ways in which the political situation in medieval Wales was reflected in the writings of native authors, and in particular in the medieval Welsh hagiography. It discusses how native Welsh saints were used, on the one hand, as tools of propaganda and portrayed as defenders and protectors of their land in the face of the foreign, English adversary, and on the other, how they served to promote and justify the native Welsh church and emphasise its antiquity and its primacy vis-à-vis the advancing Anglo-Norman church. Focusing on one popular figure among the multitude of Welsh saints, the case of Saint Beuno, who is little-known outside Wales, the article then explores the ways in which this holy man’s vita was constructed and used as a ‘nationalist’ device, tying it in with other examples of ‘nationalist’ Welsh literature composed during times of political crises.
- ItemOpen AccessMemory, Medicine and Childhood in Middle Age(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Rodrigues de Oliveira, Ana MariaIn this article we will follow the medieval childhood since the caring of the expecting mothers to the first foods, steps, movements, words and diseases of children. Medieval medical treaties play an important role throughout all this process.
- ItemOpen AccessNew perspectives for the Dissemination of medieval History: Re-enactment in southern Europe, a view from the perspective of Didactics(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Español, DaríoHistorical re-enactment has arisen in recent years as an important tool for the dissemination of mediaeval history. However, in Spain a debate has developed around its consideration as a philanthropic practice or as a discipline assisted by historic method that may serve as a means for researching or communicating the past. Is this a valuable tool for the dissemination of mediaeval history? This article analyses the virtues and deficiencies of a model that has its roots in the Englishspeaking world, and which in Spain has been eclipsed by other archetypes rooted in folklore and popular festivals. We will reflect on the role that may be played by didactics to transform this, to a certain extent undervalued, resource.
- ItemOpen AccessPresence and Persistence of Catalan cultural Patterns in the Kingdom of Sardinia through an interdisciplinary psycho-social study of the ‘Corts’(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Sini, GiovanniIt is presented a study in its initial phase where the comparison of the Corts, summoned for the Principality of Catalonia and the Kingdom of Sardinia during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, is combined, as a survey methodology, with the field theory and the concept of perception and, in particular, of redundancy, from Gestalt psychology and the psychology of communication, a derivation of Gestalt psychology. To analyse the structural functioning of a society we believe that it is essential to make use of a ‘hybrid approach and methodology,’ which borrows theories from other disciplinary fields, in order to attempt an epistemological interaction between various disciplines aiming to historical research.
- ItemOpen AccessPrimary Education in medieval Castile(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Caunedo del Potro, BetsabéIn this paper we make a brief approach to the study of an initial education in Castile during the lower Middle Ages. Knowing some basic subjects like reading, writing and calculus was presented often as a professional requirement, and familiarity with them was valued as possessing real working tools. This learning was possible in very diverse centres, as an additional resource to using a private tutor.
- ItemOpen AccessThe finis terrae and the Last Frontier. On La Edad Media de Chile (‘The Middle Ages of Chile’)(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Marín, José A.This essay proposes, first, a revision of the concept of frontier as concerns limen, “threshold”, going beyond the concept of limes, or boundary. It is proposed that this threshold extends chronologically beyond the 15th century, surpassing the contours of Europe in its American projection, from Mexico to Chile. Secondly, the publication of G. Guarda’s book La Edad Media de Chile (The Middle Ages of Chile) gives us the opportunity to reflect on this last frontier and its characteristics. Finally, in a path that Guarda does not explore, this essay proposes that the tradition of Canto a lo Humano in Chile, part of the identity of the peasant communities of the Central Valley region, has “medieval echoes”.
- ItemOpen AccessThe importance of Ptolemy and the Almagest in the work of the translators of Arabic Science in the Middle Ages(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Martínez Gázquez, JoséThe evolution of medieval European science goes with the discovery of Ancient Greek works, such as Aristotle’s or Ptolemy’s ones, through the numerous translations from Arabic which were particularly carried out in Peninsula since the twelfth century. In this paper we will tackle the role played by Ptolemy and his works in the translations and how its finding and dissemination, now in Latin, impacted on the European science.
- ItemOpen Access‘The Lorn land’: A Winter’s Tale(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Jordan, William C.This article attempts to extract some sense of the genuine experience of peasant life in the north in the harsh winters of this climatic zone. What did the tillers of the land do in the frigid months from November to March? How did they cope with the inhospitable weather —blanketing snows, bitter cold, biting winds, and recurrent frosts that delayed the spring thaw, conditions that transformed the north country into a ‘lorn land’, a land lost, forsaken, wretched?.
- ItemOpen AccessThe Recapitulatio: An Apocalyptic Pattern in Middle English Literature(Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2019) Castro Carracedo, Juan ManuelThis article examines the evolution in medieval English literature of the Recapitulatio, an organizing narrative principle often used in apocalyptic writings, starting with John’s Revelation. This structural pattern combined a repetitive but expanding series of correlations with a centripetal fragmentation of discourse to convey revelatory messages in which prophecy involved past and present to unlock the future. In Middle English, the recapitulation technique evolved from eschatological concern to social and moral teaching, but its apocalyptic undertone was still evident in the confluence with futurist judgment. The article attempts to show the traces of this narrative model in spiritual and allegorical works of the late medieval period, especially Piers Plowman where social criticism is reinforced by the eschatological significance of this device.